Eating disorders are common disorders that are potentially life-threatening, but that often respond to treatment when diagnosed and treated early. Children and adolescents with eating disorders should be diagnosed and treated in age-appropriate ways given their developmental differences, family context, relatively short duration of disorder, and greater likelihood of treatment response. This Institute provides an overview of current diagnostic and management strategies for children and adolescents with eating disorders. Topics include current dilemmas in diagnosing children and adolescents from a developmental perspective, the evidence base for outpatient psychosocial treatments for child and adolescent onset eating disorders, the evidence base for the utilization of psychotropic medications for child and adolescent eating disorders and related comorbid conditions, common medical problems and their appropriate management in children and adolescents with eating disorders, common dilemmas in co-managing eating disorders on a medical/psychiatry inpatient eating disorder service, family-based treatment, individual psychodynamic treatment, and cognitive behavioral therapy for child and adolescent eating disorders, the indications and utility of the range of treatment settings, and recent advances in the neuroscience of eating disorders and implications for etiology and treatment.