Problem Based Learning (PBL) represents a major development and change in educational practice that continues to have a large impact across subjects and disciplines worldwide. The process follows identifiable steps specifically designed to stimulate the acquisition of knowledge in an assimilated and integrated format. In PBL four main objectives must be achieved: structuring knowledge for better recall and application in clinical contexts; developing an effective clinical reasoning process; developing self-directed learning; and increasing motivation for learning. Participants gain an understanding of the educational principles and the evidence supporting PBL in child and adolescent psychiatry training; and discuss the strengths and challenges of using PBL in residency training programs. Participants experience the process first hand through role-play and learn to develop a plan to implement PBL in their home institution.